There’s another setting that does exactly the same thing as the “Cursor speed” setting that you might be more familiar with. If that slider isn’t moved to the rightmost point then drag it up higher to increase the speed.
At the top you’ll see a slider called Cursor speed. Open the Settings app by clicking the Windows Key + I or clicking the Start menu and selecting the settings cog icon on the left side. Max out the cursor speed on Windows 10 to speed up your mouse.